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Effect of Pyrroloquinoline Quinone on Osteoclast Generation and Activity

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Abstract

º» ¿¬±¸´Â superoxideÀÇ Á¦°Å¹°Áú·Î ¾Ë·ÁÁø pyrroloquinoline quinone (PQQ)ÀÌ ÆÄ°ñ¼¼Æ÷ÀÇ ºÐÈ­ ¹× ¼º¼÷ÇÑ ÆÄ°ñ¼¼Æ÷ÀÇ È°¼º¿¡ ¹ÌÄ¡´Â ¿µÇâÀ» ¾Ë¾Æº¸°íÀÚ ½ÃÇàÇÏ¿´´Ù. Superoxide¸¦ ÀÎÁöÇÏ´Â ¹æ¹ýÀÎ nitroblue tetrazolium(NBT) ¿°»ö¹æ¹ýÀ» ÀÌ¿ëÇÏ¿© PQQ°¡ HD-11 ¼¼Æ÷°¡ »ý¼ºÇÑ superoxide¸¦ Á¦°ÅÇÏ´ÂÁö È®ÀÎÇÏ¿´´Ù. º» ¿¬±¸¿¡¼­ ÀÌ¿ëµÈ HD-11¼¼Æ÷´Â ´ß myelomonocytic ¼¼Æ÷Áַνá 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D©ý [1,25(OH)©üD©ý]·Î 󸮽à tartrate-ÀúÇ×¼º »ê¼ºÀλêºÐÇØÈ¿¼Ò (tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase, TRAP)ÀÇ È°¼ºÀ» ³ªÅ¸³»´Â µî ÆÄ°ñ¼¼Æ÷ÀÇ Æ¯¼ºÀ» Áö´Ï´Â ¼¼Æ÷·Î ¾Ë·ÁÁ® ÀÖ´Ù. HD-11¼¼Æ÷¿¡¼­ TRAP È°¼ºÀ» È®ÀÎÇϱâ À§ÇÏ¿© Á¶Á÷È­ÇÐÀû ¿°»öÀ» ½ÃÇàÇÏ¿´´Ù. PQQ´Â NBTÀÇ È¯¿øÀ» °¨¼Ò½ÃÄ×À¸¸ç 1,25(OH)©üD©ý¿¡ ÀÇÇØ À¯µµµÈ TRAP È°¼ºÀ» ¾ïÁ¦ÇÏ¿´´Ù. ¶ÇÇÑ PQQ°¡ ´ß °ñ¼ö¼¼Æ÷¿¡¼­ TRAP ¾ç¼º ´ÙÇÙ¼¼Æ÷ÀÇ Çü¼º¿¡ ¹ÌÄ¡´Â ¿µÇâµµ °üÂûÇÑ °á°ú 20 ¥ìMÀÇ PQQ´Â TRAP ¾ç¼º ´ÙÇÙ¼¼Æ÷ÀÇ Çü¼ºÀ» ÇöÀúÈ÷ ¾ïÁ¦ÇÏ¿´´Ù. ´ß ÆÄ°ñ¼¼Æ÷¸¦ »ó¾ÆÁú ÀýÆí¿¡¼­ ¹è¾çÇϸ鼭 20 ¥ìMÀÇ PQQ¸¦ óġÇÑ °æ¿ì ÆÄ°ñ¼¼Æ÷¿¡ ÀÇÇÑ »ó¾ÆÁú Èí¼ö°¡ ÇöÀúÈ÷ ¾ïÁ¦µÇ¾ú´Ù. µû¶ó¼­ º» ¿¬±¸°á°ú PQQ°¡ superoxideÀÇ Á¦°Å¹°Áú·Î ÀÛ¿ëÇÏ¿© ÆÄ°ñ¼¼Æ÷ÀÇ ºÐÈ­ ¹× È°¼ºµµ¿¡ ¿µÇâÀ» ¹ÌÄ¥ °ÍÀ¸·Î »ç·áµÇ¸ç, ÀÌ´Â »ý¸®Àû ȤÀº º´Àû °ñÈí¼ö¿¡ ¾ïÁ¦ÀûÀÎ ÀÛ¿ëÀ» ÇÒ ¹°Áú·ÎÀÇ °¡´É¼ºÀ» ½Ã»çÇÑ´Ù.

We examined the effect of PQQ, as a scavenger of superoxide, on osteoclast-like cell formation and on mature osteoclast function. To determine whether PQQ scavenges the superoxide, nitroblue tetrazolium (NBT) staining, which is a method to detect superoxide, was performed on HD-11 cells which are a chick myelomonocytic cell line having tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP) activity in response to 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D©ý[1,25-(OH)©üD©ý]. Histochemical study of TRAP was also performed on HD-11 cells. PQQ inhibited the TRAP-positive multinucleated cell formation of chicken bone marrow cells was also examined. The addition of 20 ¥ìM PQQ inhibited the formation of TRAP-positive multinucleated cell. When chicken osteoclasts were cultured on dentin slices, treatment of 20 ¥ìM PQQ resulted in a significant decrease in dentin resorption by osteoclasts in terms of total resorption area and number of resorption pits. The present data suggest that PQQ, possibly as a scavenger of superoxide ion, inhibits the osteoclastic differentiation and bone resorption.

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